Computational Approaches in Gene Prediction Tools for Genomic Annotation
Gene prediction is the process of identifying the regions of genomic DNA that encode genes. This is a fundamental step in bioinformatics following the sequencing of a new genome.
Methodologies
Ab Initio Prediction: These tools search for functional signals like TATA boxes, start/stop codons, and splice sites based on statistical models (e.g., Hidden Markov Models).
Evidence-Based Prediction: These tools use transcriptomic data (RNA-Seq) or homologous protein sequences from other species to "map" genes onto the DNA.
Challenges in Eukaryotes
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